A runny nose with blood – what does this mean?
A runny nose in itself does not indicate severe pathology. It periodically appears in all people. This symptom indicates cold. But if blood is found in nasal discharge, this phenomenon is alarming. What kind of pathologies can runny nose with blood? How to act in a similar situation?
The main causes of a cold with blood
A bloody runny nose may result from pathological or physiological causes. To understand what is at stake, it is necessary to consider the structure of the nasal mucosa.
Outside, the inner shell is covered with a non-cornified epithelium with movable cilia. This epithelial layer protects the respiratory system from the penetration of viruses, foreign elements, dust. In the nasal mucosa proceeds many metabolic processes. Such reactions require large amounts of nutrients. Therefore, many vessels are localized in the mucous membrane, which provide an inflow of necessary components.
Any injuries to the nose can be accompanied by damage to the capillary. And this causes bleeding. Moreover, the strength and frequency of this phenomenon depends on the individual structure of the mucosa, the state of the vessels.
Physiological causes
Considering why there is blood from the nose when you have a cold nose, do not rush to ascribe to yourself all the most difficult diagnoses. The cause of the problem are often quite harmless causes that can be easily resolved on your own. So, the main factors leading to the unpleasant phenomenon.
Dry air
In a room with excessively dry air, drying of the nasal mucosa occurs. Capillaries lose their natural elasticity and become fragile. Any voltage (for example, normal blowing) will damage them.
Due to the dry air, there may be a nasorka with blood
Enhanced blowing out
This is another fairly common cause of a cold with blood. If a person is concerned about abundant discharge, then he wants to blow his nose as best as possible. Such an intensive cleansing of the nasal passages causes a heavy load on the vessels. The latter do not stand up and burst.
Mechanical damage
Blood clots appearing in the nasal secretions may indicate mechanical trauma to the mucosa. Such injuries are usually applied during picking the nose, cleansing the strokes with a cotton swab or aspirator, unsuccessful use of a pipette (during instillation).
Individual feature
Some people have naturally fragile vessels. Any tension is immediately accompanied by bleeding. As a rule, a person encounters such a feature in his early childhood.
Hormonal disruptions
With the sudden bleeding on the background of a cold, teenagers can face. Often this problem torments pregnant women. The cause of the unpleasant symptom lies in a hormonal disorder.
Vasospasm
Vascular spasm, causing the appearance of blood from the nose, is observed with increased physical exertion. Such complaints are found in people climbing to great heights (for example, going uphill). Sometimes spasms occur during sudden temperature fluctuations or climate change.
Abuse of vasoconstrictor drops
Such drugs are useful for rhinitis. They constrict blood vessels, relieve swelling of the mucous membranes and contribute to improved discharge of mucus. Apply vasoconstrictor drops are allowed no more than seven days. Abuse of the drug leads to addiction, followed by which the person increases the dosage. This extremely negatively affects the state of the vessels.
Do not abuse nose drops
Pathological causes
The sources of the problem are not always so harmless. Sometimes the reasons may lie in serious pathological processes occurring in the body. Usually they show themselves quite expressive symptoms. Most often such problems occur.
Viral infections
A cold almost always begins the same way. A person is worried about a runny nose. The discharge is clear and fluid. After a few days they are able to change their consistency and color.
When a viral or bacterial infection is observed green discharge. Yellow or brown indicate purulent inflammatory processes. And often, when running cold, a runny nose with blood appears. This is caused by a weakening of the immune defense and thinning of the mucous membrane As a result, the vessels may spontaneously be damaged.
The source of an unpleasant symptom can be not only ARVI, but also flu, bronchitis and many other viral infections.
Sinusitis
This pathology combines several unpleasant diseases. The most common of these is sinusitis. It occurs against the background of penetration of the infection in the respiratory tract. Pathogenic microorganisms begin to multiply actively. In the sinuses accumulates mucus.
When sinus complaints occur in severe headache. The latter is greatly enhanced by tilting down Pain and a feeling of heaviness bother in the area under the eyes (this is the region of the maxillary sinuses). The desire to clear the nose leads to surge and rupture of blood vessels.
